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03:25, 24 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Introduction to Set theory (Created page with "= Introduction to Set Theory = Set theory is a fundamental topic in mathematics that deals with the study of '''sets''', which are collections of '''distinct''' and '''well-defined objects'''. It is the foundation for many advanced topics in mathematics and logic. == What is a Set? == A '''set''' is a collection of objects, called '''elements''' or '''members''', that are grouped together because they share a common property. * Example: A set of vowels in the English...")
08:05, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Matrix Addition (Created page with "= Matrix Addition = Matrix addition is the process of adding two matrices of the '''same dimensions''' by adding their corresponding elements. == Conditions for Matrix Addition == Two matrices can be added only if they have the same number of rows and the same number of columns. For example, if: * Matrix A is of order 2×3 * Matrix B must also be of order 2×3 to be added to A == Rule for Addition == If: <math> A = [a_{ij}], \quad B = [b_{ij}] </math> Then: <math>...")
08:03, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Matrix (Created page with "= Matrix and Its Types = A '''matrix''' is a rectangular arrangement of numbers, symbols, or expressions, organized in rows and columns. It is usually enclosed in square brackets like this: <math> A = \begin{bmatrix} a_{11} & a_{12} & \cdots & a_{1n} \\ a_{21} & a_{22} & \cdots & a_{2n} \\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ a_{m1} & a_{m2} & \cdots & a_{mn} \end{bmatrix} </math> where <math>m</math> is the number of rows and <math>n</math> is the number of columns....")
08:02, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Basics of Calculus (Created page with "= Basics of Calculus = '''Calculus''' is a branch of mathematics that studies how things change. It helps us understand motion, growth, and areas under curves. Calculus is divided mainly into two parts: '''Differential Calculus''' and '''Integral Calculus'''. == Differential Calculus == Differential Calculus focuses on the concept of the '''derivative''', which represents the rate at which a quantity changes. For example, it tells us how fast a car is moving at any in...")
07:58, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page File:Kbaselogo.png
07:58, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs uploaded File:Kbaselogo.png
07:38, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Michael Faraday (Created page with "= Michael Faraday = '''Michael Faraday''' (22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English scientist who made foundational contributions to the fields of '''electromagnetism''' and '''electrochemistry'''. Though largely self-taught, Faraday is regarded as one of the greatest experimental physicists in history. == Early Life and Education == Faraday was born into a poor family in Newington Butts, now part of South London. He had little formal education and worked...")
07:34, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page James Clerk Maxwell (Created page with "= James Clerk Maxwell = '''James Clerk Maxwell''' (13 June 1831 – 5 November 1879) was a Scottish physicist and mathematician who made profound contributions to the field of electromagnetism, thermodynamics, and optics. He is best known for formulating the set of equations that describe classical electromagnetism, known today as '''Maxwell's Equations'''. == Early Life and Education == Maxwell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. From an early age, he demonstrated a str...")
07:30, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Ampère-Maxwell Law: (Created page with "= Ampère-Maxwell Law = The '''Ampère-Maxwell Law''' is one of the four equations in the set of '''Maxwell's Equations''', which form the foundation of classical electrodynamics. It is a generalization of Ampère's Law, accounting for the contribution of the changing electric field to the magnetic field. == Statement of the Law == In differential form, the Ampère-Maxwell Law is expressed as: <math> \nabla \times \mathbf{B} = \mu_0 \mathbf{J} + \mu_0 \varepsilon_0 \...")
07:28, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Faraday's Law of Induction: (Created page with "= Faraday's Law of Induction: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == '''Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction''' is a fundamental principle of electromagnetism discovered by Michael Faraday. It describes how a changing magnetic field within a closed loop induces an electromotive force (EMF) in the conductor. This principle is the working mechanism behind electric generators, transformers, and inductors. == Statement of Faraday’s Law ==...")
07:25, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Gauss's Law (Magnetic): (Created page with "= Gauss's Law (Magnetic): Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == '''Gauss’s Law for Magnetism''' is one of the four fundamental Maxwell's Equations in electromagnetism. It states that the total magnetic flux through any closed surface is zero, implying that magnetic monopoles do not exist (i.e., every magnetic field line that enters a surface also exits it). == Mathematical Formulation == === Integral Form === <math> \oint_{\text{closed...")
07:24, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Gauss's Law (Electric): (Created page with "= Gauss's Law (Electric): Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == '''Gauss’s Law''' is a fundamental law in electrostatics that relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the total electric charge enclosed by that surface. It is one of the four equations in Maxwell's Equations and provides a powerful method for calculating electric fields, especially with high symmetry. == Mathematical Formulation == === Integral Form === <math...")
07:18, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Electromagnetism (Created page with "= Electromagnetism: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == '''Electromagnetism''' is a fundamental branch of physics that deals with the study of electric and magnetic fields and their interactions with matter. It is one of the four fundamental forces of nature and is described by the unified theory of electricity and magnetism, primarily governed by Maxwell’s equations. Electromagnetic phenomena are the basis for many modern technologies inc...")
07:15, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Quantum (Created page with "= Quantum: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == In physics, the term '''quantum''' refers to the smallest possible discrete unit of any physical property. The concept originates from '''quantum mechanics''', a fundamental theory that describes the behavior of matter and energy on atomic and subatomic scales. The term "quantum" (plural: "quanta") was first introduced in the early 20th century to explain phenomena that classical physics could n...")
07:14, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Wave (Created page with "= Wave: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == In physics, a '''wave''' is a disturbance or oscillation that travels through space and matter, transferring energy from one point to another without the permanent displacement of the medium. Waves are classified into different types based on the direction of particle motion and the medium through which they propagate. == Types of Waves == === 1. Mechanical Waves === Require a medium to propagate....")
07:12, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Time (Created page with "= Time: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == '''Time''' is a fundamental scalar quantity in physics used to sequence events, compare durations, and quantify the interval between them. It is one of the base quantities in the International System of Units (SI), playing a central role in classical mechanics, relativity, thermodynamics, and quantum theory. == Definition == Time is often considered the continuous progression of existence and even...")
07:09, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Scalar (physics) (Created page with "= Scalar (Physics): Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == In physics, a '''scalar''' is a quantity that is fully described by a single numerical value (magnitude) and has no direction. Scalars are used to measure and represent physical properties that do not depend on orientation in space. Scalars contrast with vectors, which require both magnitude and direction for complete description. == Definition == A scalar quantit...")
07:08, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Vector (physics) (Created page with "= Vector (Physics): Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == In physics, a '''vector''' is a quantity that has both '''magnitude''' and '''direction'''. Vectors are essential in describing physical phenomena such as displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, and momentum. Unlike scalars, which are described by a single value, vectors are represented by arrows whose length corresponds to magnitude and whose orientation indicates direction. == D...")
07:06, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Displacement (Created page with "= Displacement: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == '''Displacement''' is a fundamental concept in physics and kinematics. It represents the change in the position of an object from its initial point to its final point. Displacement is a '''vector quantity''', meaning it has both magnitude and direction. It differs from '''distance''', which only considers how much ground an object has covered, regardless of direction. == Definition == Mat...")
07:05, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Distance (Created page with "= Distance: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == '''Distance''' is a basic concept in kinematics and everyday measurements. It refers to the total length of the path traveled by an object during motion. Distance is a '''scalar quantity''', meaning it has magnitude but no direction. It is always a non-negative value and differs from '''displacement''', which is a vector. == Definition == Mathematically, distance is represented as the total p...")
07:04, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Speed (Created page with "= Speed: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == '''Speed''' is a fundamental concept in kinematics that refers to how fast an object is moving, regardless of its direction. Unlike velocity, speed is a '''scalar quantity''', meaning it has magnitude but no direction. Speed helps us understand how quickly an object covers distance over time. == Definition == The instantaneous speed is the magnitude of the velocity vector: <math> \text{Speed} =...")
07:01, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Velocity (Created page with "= Velocity: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == '''Velocity''' is a fundamental concept in physics that describes the rate at which an object changes its position with respect to time. Unlike speed, velocity is a '''vector quantity'''—it has both magnitude and direction. Velocity is essential in kinematics, dynamics, and many real-world applications such as vehicle motion, projectile paths, and orbital mechanics. == Definition == The ins...")
06:54, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Power (Created page with "= Power: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == '''Power''' in physics is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred. It quantifies how quickly energy is used, converted, or transmitted over time. Power is a scalar quantity and is crucial in both mechanical and electrical systems. == Definition == Mathematically, power is defined as the work done per unit time: <math> P = \frac{W}{t} </math> Where: * <math>P</math> is the power,...")
06:53, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Work (Created page with "= Work: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == In physics, '''work''' refers to the energy transferred to or from an object via the application of force along a displacement. Work is a scalar quantity and depends on both the magnitude of the force and the displacement, as well as the angle between them. Work links force and energy, making it one of the foundational concepts in classical mechanics. == Definition == The mathematical definition o...")
06:53, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Energy (Created page with "= Energy: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == '''Energy''' is a fundamental physical quantity that describes the capacity to perform work or produce change. It exists in many forms such as kinetic, potential, thermal, chemical, and nuclear energy. Energy is a conserved quantity—meaning it cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. == Definition == In physics, energy is commonly defined through the work-energ...")
06:47, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Acceleration (Created page with "= Acceleration: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == '''Acceleration''' is a core concept in classical mechanics that represents the rate of change of velocity of an object over time. As a vector quantity, it includes both magnitude and direction. Acceleration is central to understanding motion, especially when an object speeds up, slows down, or changes direction. == Definition == The instantaneous acceleration is defined as the derivative o...")
06:39, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Force (Created page with "= Force: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == '''Force''' is a fundamental concept in physics that describes a push or a pull acting upon an object. It causes objects to accelerate, decelerate, remain in place, or change direction. The concept of force is central to Newtonian mechanics. == Definition == Force is defined mathematically by Newton's Second Law: F = m × a Where: * F is force in newtons (N), * m is mass in kilograms (kg), *...")
06:17, 23 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Chemical Potential (Created page with "= Chemical Potential: Definition and Mathematical Representation = == Introduction == The '''chemical potential''' is a fundamental thermodynamic quantity that plays a crucial role in understanding how particles and energy distribute in physical systems. It is particularly significant in the study of phase equilibria, chemical reactions, and processes involving the transfer of matter. In essence, the chemical potential represents the change in a system's internal energ...")
11:27, 22 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Artificial Intelligence AI (Created page with "== Introduction == '''Artificial Intelligence (AI)''' refers to the ability of a machine or computer system to perform tasks that would normally require human intelligence. These tasks include things like learning, problem-solving, perception, and decision-making. AI is a broad field in computer science, aiming to create systems that can mimic human behavior and think autonomously. AI is used in many areas of life, from voice assistants like Siri and Alexa to complex s...")
08:17, 22 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Ernest rutherford (Created page with "= ernest rutherford – father of nuclear physics = == introduction == '''ernest rutherford''' (1871–1937) was a New Zealand-born British physicist and one of the most important figures in the history of science. Known as the father of nuclear physics, he discovered the nucleus, proposed the first nuclear model of the atom, and performed groundbreaking research in radioactivity and atomic structure. == early life and education == rutherford was born on august...")
08:11, 22 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Nucleus (Created page with "== what is the nucleus? == The '''nucleus''' is the small, dense center of an atom where nearly all of its mass is concentrated. It contains protons and neutrons (collectively known as nucleons). == properties == * **contains**: protons and neutrons * **charge**: positive (due to protons) * **mass**: >99.9% of the atom’s total mass * **size**: ~1/100,000 of the atom’s total diameter == discovery == ernest rutherford discovered the...")
08:09, 22 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Electrons (Created page with "= electrons – negatively charged particles in atoms = == what is an electron? == An '''electron''' is a subatomic particle with a negative electric charge. Electrons are found in orbitals or energy levels surrounding the nucleus of an atom. == basic properties == * symbol: e⁻ * charge: -1 * mass: ~1/1836 of a proton * location: outside the nucleus, in electron shells == discovery == j.j. thomson discovered the electron in 1897 using catho...")
08:07, 22 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Neutrons (Created page with "= neutrons – neutral particles in the atomic nucleus = == what is a neutron? == A '''neutron''' is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom, alongside protons. Unlike protons and electrons, it carries **no electric charge** (neutral). == basic properties == * **symbol**: n⁰ * **charge**: 0 (neutral) * **mass**: about 1 amu (slightly more than a proton) * **location**: inside the atomic nucleus == discovery == james c...")
08:06, 22 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Proton (Created page with "= protons – structure, properties, and importance = == what is a proton? == A '''proton''' is a type of subatomic particle found in the nucleus of every atom. It carries a single **positive electric charge** (+1e) and is one of the three main particles that make up an atom, alongside neutrons and electrons. The number of protons in an atom determines its atomic number and ultimately defines the element itself. == basic properties of protons == *...")
07:39, 22 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Atomic number (Created page with "= Atomic Number – Definition, Importance, and Role in Chemistry = == What is Atomic Number? == The Atomic Number of a Chemical Element is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom of that element. It is denoted by the symbol '''Z'''. Each element has a unique Atomic Number, which determines its identity and position in the Periodic Table of Elements. == Definition == <blockquote> ''Atomic Number (Z) = Number of Protons in the N...")
07:30, 22 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Henry Moseley (Created page with "= Henry Moseley – The Scientist Who Defined Atomic Number = == Introduction == '''Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley''' (1887–1915) was a British physicist whose groundbreaking work on the atomic structure of elements redefined the **Periodic Table**. He introduced the concept of the **atomic number**, which became the modern basis for arranging elements. His work corrected flaws in Mendeleev’s table and laid the foundation for modern atomic physics. == Early Life and...")
07:30, 22 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Dmitri Mendeleev (Created page with "= Dmitri Mendeleev – The Father of the Periodic Table = == Introduction == '''Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev''' (1834–1907) was a Russian chemist and inventor, best known for creating the first widely recognized version of the '''Periodic Table of Elements'''. His work laid the foundation for modern chemistry and revolutionized how scientists understand the properties and relationships of chemical elements. == Early Life and Education == Dmitri Mendeleev was born on ''...")
07:27, 22 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Elements (Created page with " == What Are Chemical Elements? == '''Chemical elements''' are pure substances consisting of only one type of atom, identified by their unique number of protons in the nucleus, known as the '''atomic number'''. Elements are the fundamental building blocks of all matter in the universe. Each element is represented by a '''chemical symbol''' (e.g., H for hydrogen, O for oxygen) and appears in the '''Periodic Table of Elements'''. == Basic Properties of Elements == Every...")
07:20, 22 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Periodic table (Created page with "==Introduction to the Periodic Table== The Periodic Table of Elements is a systematic arrangement of all known chemical elements based on their atomic number, electron configurations, and recurring chemical properties. It is one of the most important tools in chemistry, physics, and general science education. ==History of the Periodic Table== The modern periodic table was developed based on the early work of Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869. Mendelee...")
07:12, 22 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Basic information about Hydrogen (Created page with " ==What is Hydrogen?== Hydrogen is the first element on the periodic table, with the chemical symbol H and an atomic number of 1. It is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe. Hydrogen is a non-metal and exists as a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas under standard conditions. ==Properties of Hydrogen== * Atomic Number: 1 * Atomic Mass: 1.008 u * Symbol: H * State at Room Temperature: Gas * Color and Smell: Colorless and odorless * Highly flammab...")
09:15, 12 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Write about the physical features of Columbus in the play ‘The Discovery’ (Created page with "Columbus is a tall, well-built man of forty six. Hair prematurely white, complexion fair, almost ruddy. A man of quick temper and irritability which he controls only with an effort .His face, in response, is melancholic.") Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit
08:35, 12 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs deleted page User:Thakshashila (content was: "Write about the physical features of Columbus in the play ‘The Discovery’.", and the only contributor was "Thakshashila" (talk))
08:35, 12 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page User:Thakshashila (Created page with "Write about the physical features of Columbus in the play ‘The Discovery’.")
15:51, 11 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page What is Authentication? (Created page with "==Defination== Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user, device, or entity before granting access to a system or resource.")
04:12, 11 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs deleted page New Page Name (content was: "Physics", and the only contributor was "Thakshashila" (talk)) Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
04:11, 11 May 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page New Page Name (Created page with "Physics") Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
15:58, 20 April 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Plastids (Created page with "== Plastids == plastids are found in Plant cells. These clearly visible under the microscope. plastids bear specific pigments.based on the type of Pigments plastids are classifide into Chloroplasts, chromoplasts and leucoplasts.")
17:55, 11 April 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs created page Atom (Created page with "==Introduction== Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of matter. Every substance, whether solid, liquid, or gas, is composed of atoms. The study of atoms is essential to understanding the principles of chemistry, as they form the basis of all chemical elements and compounds. 2. Definition of an Atom An atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element. It consists of a dense nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surround...")
17:28, 11 April 2025 Thakshashila talk contribs changed group membership for Thakshashila from bureaucrat, interface administrator and administrator to administrator
17:04, 11 April 2025 MediaWiki default talk contribs created page Main Page